Evaluation of analgesic effect of xylazine, tramadol and lignocaine on propofol anaesthesia in West African Dwarf (WAD) goat

Abstract

Twenty goats were randomly assigned to four groups A, B, C, and D of five goats per group. The groups A, B, C and D received normal saline (2 ml, IV), xylazine (0.05 mg/kg body weight [b/w], IV), tramadol (2 mg/kg b/w, IV) and lignocaine (2.5 mg/kg b/w, SC) respectively. Each goat in all the groups was anaesthetized with propofol at 9 mg/kg body weight (b/w) and maintained at 6 mg/kg b/w bolus administration. Laparotomy was performed on each goat in each group. Anesthetic indices and vital parameters were measured.  Propofol alone (group A), and propofol/tramadol combination (group C) provided short duration of analgesia despite high maintenance doses and quantity of propofol used in the groups.  However, propofol/xylazine combination (group B) provided analgesic duration enough to perform laparotomy. While propofol/ lignocaine combination (group C) provided longest duration of action. Both Lignocaine and xylazine combinations provided enough analgesia for the surgical procedure in this study. However, xylazine combination was associated more with prolonged sleeping, recumbent and recovery time, cardiac and respiratory depression which are undesirable in ruminants due to the resultant cardiopulmonary and gastrointestinal complications. Lignocaine has more stabilizing effect on cardiac functions in addition to moderate sleeping, recumbent and recovery time. Hence, lignocaine with long duration of analgesia, hemodynamic effects, and moderate anesthetic indices may be preferred among other selected drugs as a better combination agent with propofol for induction of anesthesia prior to painful surgical procedure in WAD goat.

Keywords: WAD goat, Propofol, Xylazine, Lignocain, Tramadol, Analgesia