The protective effect of diclofenac sodium and enoxaparin on the formation of postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions and fibrotic changes in the large intestine wall in an experimental rat model

Abstract

Postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions are a frequent complication following abdominal surgeries, potentially resulting in pain, bowel obstruction, and infertility. This experimental study aims to evaluate the protective effects of Diclofenac Sodium and Enoxaparin in reducing intra-abdominal adhesions and fibrotic changes within the large intestine wall. Using a rat model, animals were divided into three groups: a control group, a Diclofenac Sodium group, and an Enoxaparin group. Each group underwent a standardized surgical procedure to induce adhesion formation, with postoperative administration of respective treatments in the Diclofenac and Enoxaparin groups. On day 14 post-surgery, animals were euthanized, and intra-abdominal adhesions were assessed histologically. Both Diclofenac Sodium and Enoxaparin treatment groups showed a statistically significant reduction in adhesion severity and large intestine wall fibrosis compared to the control group (p<0.05). Enoxaparin exhibited a slightly greater efficacy in minimizing fibrotic tissue formation. The findings suggest that Diclofenac Sodium and Enoxaparin have a protective effect against postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions and fibrosis. Enoxaparin, in particular, shows potential as a therapeutic option for adhesion prevention in clinical settings. Further studies are recommended to optimize dosage and evaluate long-term outcomes.